How to Identify Hail Damage on Asphalt Shingles

joseph lemus
Feb 10
3 min read

Hailstorms can cause serious damage to your roof, especially if it has asphalt shingles. Knowing what hail damage looks like on asphalt shingles helps you spot problems early and avoid costly repairs. This guide explains the signs of hail damage, how to inspect your roof safely, and what steps to take if you find damage.

What Happens to Asphalt Shingles During a Hailstorm

Asphalt shingles are made of a base material coated with asphalt and covered by granules. These granules protect the shingles from UV rays and weather. When hail hits the roof, it can knock off these granules or crack the shingles. The size, speed, and angle of hailstones affect the damage level.

Common effects of hail on asphalt shingles include:

Loss of granules, exposing the black asphalt layer
Dents or bruises on the shingle surface
Cracks or splits in the shingles
Broken or missing pieces of shingles

The damage may not always be obvious from the ground, so a close inspection is often necessary.

How to Inspect Your Roof for Hail Damage

Before climbing onto your roof, make sure you have the right safety equipment and consider hiring a professional if you are uncomfortable with heights. Here are the steps to check for hail damage:

Look for granule loss
Check the gutters and downspouts for granules that have washed off. Granules look like small, sand-like particles. A large amount of granules in gutters often means hail has damaged the shingles.
Examine shingles closely
Use binoculars or a ladder to get a better view. Look for dark spots or dents on the shingles. These spots are where granules have been knocked off, exposing the asphalt beneath.
Check for cracks and splits
Hail can cause small cracks or splits in shingles. These cracks may allow water to seep in, leading to leaks.
Look for bruising
Bruising appears as soft spots on the shingles. Press gently with your finger; if the shingle feels softer or dents under pressure, it may be bruised.
Inspect flashing and vents
Hail can also damage metal parts on your roof, such as flashing around chimneys or vents. Look for dents or cracks in these areas.

Signs That Hail Damage Is Serious

Not all hail damage requires immediate repair, but some signs indicate serious problems:

Large areas of granule loss, especially on multiple shingles
Cracks or splits that expose the shingle base
Missing pieces of shingles
Bruised shingles that feel soft or crumbly
Damage to flashing or roof vents

If you notice these signs, your roof may be vulnerable to leaks and further damage. It is best to contact a roofing professional for a thorough inspection and repair estimate.

Why Early Detection Matters

Ignoring hail damage can lead to bigger problems. When granules are missing, shingles lose their protection and age faster. Cracks and splits allow water to enter, causing leaks, mold, and structural damage. Early detection helps you:

Prevent leaks and water damage inside your home
Extend the life of your roof
Save money by fixing small issues before they grow
Support insurance claims with documented damage

What to Do After a Hailstorm

After a hailstorm, take these steps to protect your roof:

Conduct a visual inspection for obvious damage
Check your gutters for granules
Document any damage with photos
Contact your insurance company to report the damage
Schedule a professional roof inspection

A professional roofer can assess the damage accurately and recommend repairs or replacement if needed.

Common Misconceptions About Hail Damage

Some homeowners think small dents or missing granules are normal wear and tear. While some granule loss happens over time, hail damage is usually more sudden and noticeable. Another misconception is that only large hail causes damage. Even small hailstones can cause bruising or cracks if they hit at high speed.

How Insurance Handles Hail Damage

Most homeowner insurance policies cover hail damage, but coverage varies. Insurers often require proof of damage, so documenting your roof’s condition after a storm is important. Keep records of inspections, photos, and repair estimates. Promptly filing a claim can help you get the repairs covered.